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The difference is in the way the white is expressed with each gene. White 1 gives you kind of a snow covered look while White 2 gives relatively vertical lines. White 4 is kinda hard to explain. Almost like white polka dots, most of which will overlap so that you see big chunks of white.

Just don't breed any of the whites together. You could end up with a dead foal. It's known as a lethal white.

Check out this post to find out about lethal genes.
http://www.huntandjump.com/forum/discussion/10629/deadly-white

This gelding has White 1 with minimal white factor. Higher white factors reduce the amount of pigment. Horses with extensive white factor may have only a bit of pigment on the ear tips left.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2304472

This horse has White 2 with light white factor.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2716650

This horse has White 4 with light white factor.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2716650

This horse has White 4 with large white factor.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2831410

This horse has White 2 with minimal white factor.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2846758

This horse has White 2 with large white factor.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2846825

This horse has White 4 with extensive white factor and Frame

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2907218

This horse has White 1 with White Factor: None

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2957213

This horse has White 1 with Extensive white factor. You can see pigment as small splotches along the top line and at the very tips of her ears.

http://www.huntandjump.com/horse.php?horseid=2957175

This should give you some idea of the range of these three Kit Whites.

Frame overo, or lethal white over (lwo), is a different gene but still in the game, and can produce loud overos with W2, splash etc if there is enough white factor.