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In real life it’s much more difficult to spay a mare. The stallion’s testicles can be removed quite easily without surgery (unless he’s a cryptorchid, but that’s not very common). A mare is spayed by removing her ovaries, which are obviously inside the body, thus requiring expensive surgery. The surgery is also risky because there is often a risk of internal bleeding. It takes two to make a baby, so since a stallion is so easy to castrate compared to a mare, it’s easier and safer to snip the boy and leave the girl alone :)

Because the castration of male animals has been done for some ten thousand years and spaying of females for a few decades. We have a word for gelding because geldings have been around longer.